The clinical evaluation of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is difficult and yet critically important so that patients receive the care they need. The greatest problem is that clinical evaluation is limited in excluding significant PAD. In short, none of the various clinical findings have a high negative predictive value for PAD. Even simple pulse palpation is fraught with error. All patients with non healing ulcers or wounds or with exertional leg pain should undergo objective physiologic testing.
82 year old male, heavy smoker, developed right heel ulcer during rehab after a femur fracture.
Recurrent left testicular pain after inadequate embolization of the proximal left testicular vein
A faster technique for embolization gonadal veins using large diameter coils